A ranar 10 ga Afrilun 2019 aka bayyana hoto na farko a tarihin duniya da yake dauke da “black hole”.
Da harshen Hausa, cikin fassara mara ‘yanci, zamu iya kiran “Black Hole” da “bakin rami”. Amma wasu masu fassarar sun kira shi da sunan “mutuwaren taurari” wato inda taurari ke tafiya bayan wa’adin rayuwarsu ya cika.
Gidajen yada labarai da jaridu sun ta bayyana wannan hoto a matsayin babban ci gaba da aka samu da zai iya amsa wasu manya-manyan tambayoyi a Kimiyya kuma su hade dokokin dabi’a (natural laws) da aka kasa hadewa tsawon tarihi, tsakanin tsarin babban masanin kimiyyar fiziks na dauri (classical physics) wato Issac Newton (Newtonian Mechanics).
Kuma wanda aka binciko a karni na 20 da taimakon Heisenberg da Schrodinger wato “Kuantum Mechanics”.
A shekarar 1939 wannan babban masanin Kimiyyar wato Albert Einstein, da kuma nazariyyarsa ta “General theory of relativity” ya rubuta cewa babu yadda maganadisun janyowa (gravity) zai iya janyo taurari saboda akwai iya matakin da wasu abubuwan ba za su matsu ba.
Yana nufin cewa babu ta yadda tauraro mai tsananin nauyi zai iya faduwa saboda ya fi karfin “grabity” ya yi tasarrufi da shi. Masana Kimiyya duk sun yarda da Einstein har sai da wani masanin Kimiyya dan asalin Amurika wato John Wheeler ya bayyana cewa kuskure ne.
Ya fadi cewa akwai wani guri da a yanzu ake kira “black hole” da yake janyo irin wadannan taurari cikinsa. Wannan tauraro da yake fadawa wannan guri shi aka fara kira da “frozen star” (daskararren tauraro).
Bakin rami (black hole) yana da abubuwan al’ajabi masu dimbin yawa da ya sa har littafi aka yi a kansa. Stephen Hawking ya karar da rayuwarsa wajen karantar da binciken kimiyyarsa a kan “black hole”.
Ya rubuta littafi mai suna “Black Holes and Baby Universes” sannan kuma ya gabatar da lacca da BBC ta shirya da sunan “Black Holes”. Kafinsa, Richard Feynman ya yi bayani na sosai a kan wannan abin al’ajabi da dokokinsa suka sabawa sauran dokokin dabi’a.
Wani lokacin dokokin dabi’u sukan sabawa tunaninmu, musamman idan da zamu kalli irin wadanda suke faruwa a wannan “black hole” din ko kuma kimiyyar mitsi-mitsin abubuwan da suke cikin kwayar zarra (Quantum Physics).
Dama dai dokokin dabi’a sun rabu gida biyu, tsakanin na manyan abubuwa (Newtonian mechanics) da kuma na mitsi-mitsin abubuwa (Quantum mechanics).
Stephen Hawking yana cewa mafi kankantar “black hole” yana da nauyin babban tsaunin dutse a wannan duniya tamu.
Amma an fi samun manyan da suka ninninka rana nauyi. Kada ka manta rana ta ninka wannan duniyar da muke kai nauyi ninkin-ba-ninkin. Hoton “black hole” din da aka dauko a yau ya yi nauyin rana sau sama da biliyan shida!
Kenan ya ninka wannan duniyar da muke kai nauyi sama da malala gashin tinkiya! Duk abin da ya zo wucewa ta kusa da “black hole”, ta wani guri da ake kira da “ebent horizon” to sai ya zuko shi ya hadiye shi saboda karfin janyowar da “grabity” yake da shi a gurin.
Babu mutumin da ya taba kusantar inda “black hole” yake amma da wani zai je gurin da sai ta hadiye shi irin hadiyar da injin taliya yake yi wa fulawa. Irin wannan mummurdewa da za ka yi shi ake kira da “spaghettification”, daga kalmar taliya ta “spaghetti”.
Masu kimiyya sun ce sararin subhaana (space) na da kusurwoyi guda 12 (12-dimensions), amma idanunmu hudu suke iya gani (tsawo, fadi, giccewa da guri-lokaci). Da farko ma uku ake gani kafin zuwan Albert Einstein ya hasaso cikon dayan (space-time). To a “black hole” duka goma sha biyun suna nan.
Don haka Richard Feynman, wanda ya yi bincike a kan me zai faru da za mu iya fadawa cikin “black hole” kuma bamu mutu ba, ya ce idan ka fada cikin “black hole” to wata duniyar (uniberse) din za ka fada mai wata irin dokar ta dabi’a daban!
Watakila tarihi ya canja baki daya idan ka fada ka ganka a wata nahiyar mai wasu irin halittu na daban, watakila masu mutuwa a dawo! Wannan zai faru ne idan wannan tunanin na cewa duniyoyi suna da yawa a kimiyya (multiple uniberse theorem) ya tabbata.
Da yake kuma duk abin da ya fada cikin “black hole” ba a jin tarihinsa baki daya kuma dokokin dabi’a sun kasa haduwa a kusa da shi, wannan ya sanya hasashen mai zai faru da duniya a nan gaba ya zama abin da yake damun masana kimiyya.
Da yake duk abin da ya fada “black hole” to ko alamarsa ba a kara ji domin yana rasa duk wani bayani da yake tattare da shi ta hanyar wani yanayi da suka kira “information loss.”
Kuma ga shi duk abin da aka harba ya kusanci “black hole” to tasa ta kare, wannan ta sanya komai na Kimiyya yake rikicewa da an zo wurin.
Kuma ya za ta kasance idan an zo tashin duniyar baki daya! Kai har hasashen shekara nawa ya ragewa duniya kafin ta bindige baki daya za mu iya yi.
Wani zai iya cewa ta yaya aka dauko hoton “black hole” tare da cewa an bayyana cewa yana da nisan dubunnan mila-milan tafiya na gudun haske?!
Gudun haske na dakika (second) daya kuwa dai-dai yake da gudun da zaka iya yi ka zagaye duniya sau bakwai a cikin dakika daya!
