Tarihin Shugabannin Ƙasar Mali Na Farko A Daular Songhai (7)

A kusa da karshe karni na 13 ko kuma farkon kani na 14 a lokacin ne kasar ta kara zama wadda take da cikakken ‘yanci. karni na 14 sai harkar kasuwanci ta kara yin gaba na yadda ‘yankasuwa masu saye da sayarwa sai ta zama wata cibiya ce ta hada- hadar gwal da kuma gishiri, hakanan ma ta kasance a matsayin wata cibiya ce ta al’adun musulunci.

Uku daga cikin tsofaffin Masallatai na yammacin Afirka da suka hada da, djinguereber (djingareyber), Sankore,da kuma Sidi Yahia,wadanda aka gina a karni na 14 da kuma farkon karni na 15.

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Bayan ya dawo daga aikin Hajjin da ake yi wa kallon ya kashe kudi a shekarar 1324,Sarkin mulkin mulukiyar kasar Mali Mansa Musa ya gina babban masallacin (djinguereber)da wani gidan kasaita na Sarauta,da ake kira ko cema Madugu ( tsohon masallacin tuni ne aka kara gina shi lokutta masu, yayin da wanda aka fara yi ba za a iya gane inda yake ba a baya).Babban mai zane- zanen ginw- gine wanda ya kware a harkar zane- zanen gine- gine Granada Abu Ishak al- Sahili shi ne wanda aka ba alhakin ya zana yadda za’a gina shi masallacin Sankore ,kusa da Jami’ar Sankore. Har yanzu masallacin yana nan, me yiyuwa ko don saboda umarnin da Sahilil ya bada na ayi amfani da kasa wajen gina katangun masallacin lokacin da ake ginin,shi ne ma yasa ake yin gyara na shekara- shekara bayan an kammala yin ruwan sama.

Sai Tuareg suka kara samun damar kwace Birnin a shekara 1433, sai dai kuma wani abu suna yin mulkin wurin ne daga Sahara.Sai dai kuma su Tuareg suna kai gaisuwar girmamawa lokaci zuwa lokaci, lamarin kasuwanci da duk wani abu na koyo ya ci gaba da samun nasara a Timbuktu.A shekara 145o yawan al’umma kasar ya kai 100,000.

Yawancin masu ilimin Birnin sun yi karatu ne a Makka da Masar wadanda suka kai 25,000.

A shekarar 1468 wanda yake mulkin Sonni Ali Shugaban Songhai ya ci wurin da yaki.Shi ba wanda yake ya saki jikinsa bane musamman ma musulmai wadanda suke da ilimin musulunci,amma wanda ya gaje shi Askia Muhammad na daya (1) wanda ya yi mulkin kasar daga shekarar( zuwa 1493–1528)ya yi amfani ne da wadanda suka yi karatu a matsayin wadanda yake tuntuva dangane da abinda ya shafi shari’a da al’amura na yau da kullum.

Bayan da kasar Morocco ta mamaye ta a shekarar 1591, daga nan sai Birnin ya fara komawa baya.Aka bada umarni na kama Malamanta a shekarar 1593 saboda ana yi masu kallon basu goyon bayan abinda aka yi; an kashe wasu daga cikinsu lokacin da aka yi wani gumurzu, yayin da wasu kuma aka tura su gudun hijira zuwa Morocco.