Zazzabin maleriya ya kashe mutane 290,000 daga shekarar 2020 zuwa shekarar 2022, kididdigar da hukumar lafiya ta duniya ta yi rahoton ya nuna hakan.
Duk da yake akwai kokarin da aka yi shekarun da suka gabata an kiyasta cewa fiye da mutane milyan 66 suna kamuwa da zazzabin maleriya ko wace shekara a Nijeriya.
Alkalumma sun nuna cewa Nijeriya ta samu mutuwar mutane 90,000 a shekara 2020, bugu da kari kusan 200,000 sun mutu sanadiyar zazzabin maleriya a shekarar 2021.
Rahoton hukumar lafiya ta duniya na ranar maleriya ta shekarar 2022 ya nuna cewa daga cikin dk mutuwa uku daga cutar maleriya a duniya tana kasancewa ne a Nijeriya.Wannan shi ya kai mutane 22 wadanda suke mutuwa ko wace awa a Nijeriya sanadiyar maleriya.Hakan ya sa Nijeriya take bada gudunmawa ta kashi 27 na matsalolin cutar maleriya na duniy a shekarar 2021.Wannan na faruwa ne dai dai lokacin da wasu kasashe suka cimma burin kawo karshen cutar zazzabin maleriya ko kuma suke gaba da yin hakan.
Gaba daya a duniya kasashe 41 ne da wata ‘yar karamar kasa suka samu takardar sheda ta nuna babu ko kasashensu basu fama da zazzabin maleriya daga hukumar lafiya ta duniya, da kuma shedar cewa Azerbaijan da Tajikistan suma sun bi sahun sauran kasashen 40 daga ranar 30 ga watan Maris.
Bikin ranar maleriya ta duniya na wannan shekarar 2023 yana da taken“Lokacin kawo karshen zazzabin maleriya: Zuba jari,daukar babban mataki,da kuma aiwatarwa”.
Kwararun sun yi kira da a kara maida himma wajen ganin an kawo karshen cutar zazzabin maleriya a Nijeriya.
Zazzabin maleriya kashi 97 na ‘yan Nijeriya na iya kamuwa da cutar sai dai kuma akwai bambanci na kamuwa da cutar daga shekara daya zuwa wata uku ko kasa da haka tsakanin kudanci daArewacin Nijeriya.
Cuta ce wadda take ragargazar rayuwa inda macen sauro da ake kira da suna anopheles take sa kwayar cutar bayan ta yi cizo.Wasu daga cikin alamomin cutar sun hada da zazzabi,ciwon kai, Amai, Gudawa, zufa, da kuma lalura mai jawo karancin jini.
Kamar yadda Ministan lafiya, Dokta Osagie Ehanire, ya bayyana cewa zazzabin maleriya shine babbar matsalar data shafi lafiya a Nijeriya,ta kunshi tsarin dake kawo tarnaki wajen ci gaban tattalin arzikin kasa.
Jagora ce cutar wajen sanadiyar mace- macen kananan yara da mata masu juna biyu a Nijeriya inda sune suka fi kowa fuskantar matsalar.
Ya ce “Ita ce cutar data kunshi kashi 60 na wadanda suke kai ziyara zuwa wuraren kula da lafiyar al’umma, da kashi 30 na mutuwar kananan yara, kashi 11na mutuwar mata masu juna biyu inda ko wace shekara (4,500 na mata masu juna biyu suna mutuwa),da kashi 25 na mace- macen kananan yara da suke shekara da daya.”
Da yake jawabi wurin kaddamar da al’amarin daya shafi al’amarin zazzabin maleriya na shekarar 2021 na Nijeriya ko kuma Malaria Indicator Surbey (NMIS) yace a Nijeriya mutum 9-10 suna mutuwa a ko wace awa daga al’amuran da suka shafi zazzabin maleriya.
Yara wadanda basu kai shekara biyar ba sun kasance suke shan wahala domin cutar zazzabin maleriya da kashi 67 na mace- macen da ke shafar su Hakanan ma cutar ce sanadiyar yara ke fashin zuwa makaranta da kuma rashin hazakarsu.
Ya ci gaba da bayani inda yace, “Sai dai wani abin bakin ciki Nijeriya ta samu karuwar yawan mace- mace sanadiyar cutar zazzabin maleriya daga kashi 23 a shekarar 2020 zuwa kashi 27 a shekarar 2021 kamar yadda hukumar lafiya ta duniya ta bayyana, inda ta yarda da cewa zazzabin maleriya shi ne ya kasance wata babbar matsala gare mu wanda ta hakan ne ake kara fuskantar wato yawan mutuwar mata masu ciki lokacin haihuwa, da masu fama da wat cuta ta musamman wadanda ake da niyyar sai an sauya su.
Fafutukar da gwamnatin tarayya take yi na kawo krashen zazzabin maleriya a Nijeriya kamar yadda Ministan lafiya bayyana abin a yaba ne,“Yana da matukar kyau a gane cewa gwamnatin tarayya da abokan huldar ta suna yin iyakar kokarinsu a shekarun da suka wuce wajen samar da dukkanin abubuwan da suka kamata domin ganin an kawo karshen yaduwar zazzabin maleriya a Nijeriya, ta haka ne kuma aka samu ceto milyoyin rayuka”.
Ya kara jaddada Nijeriya da abokan huldarta ta gabatar da aiwatar da abubuwa uku na kokarin da ake na gamawa ko kawo karshen barnar da zazzabin cizon sauro maleriya,abinda ake kira da tsarin kawar da cutar.Koda yake dai ba a samu wata gaggarumar nasara ba a kokarin da ake yi dangane da hakan.
Sai dai kuma sannu bata hana zuwa sai dai a dade ba a je wurin da aka yi niyyar zuwa ba, ko ba komai an samu nasarar da ta taimaka domin barnarda cutar take ta ja da baya a bangare na kasa daga kashi 42 a shekarar 2010 zuwa 27 a 2015,da kuma kashi 23 a shekarar 2018.
Sakamakon na kokarin da ake yi ya taimaka wajen koma bayan matsalar da cutar take haifarwa zuwa kashi 22 daga 23 a shekarar 2018, da kuma kashi 42 cikin 100 a 2010 kamar yadda yayi karin haske.
“Yayin da za a iya kallon wannan ba wani abin azo a gani bane a bangare na kasa,amma a mataki na kasa da gwamnatin tarayya an samu ci gaba a Jihohi masu yawa.
“Duk da yake mun lura ba kamar yadda muka ti tsammani ba na muradinmu domin cutar zazzabin maleriya tana cutarwa kwarai da gaske a Kauyuka idana aka yi kokarin kwatanta su da yadda al’amarin yake a Birane.
“Kiran da aka yi na sauya yadda ake gudanar da al’amuran musamman ma kokarin da ake na samun inganci sosai wajen sa mutane su canza dabi’unsu gaba daya wajen bada nasu taimakon kokarin da ake na murkushe barnar da cutar maleriya take yi.”
Shugabar tsarin kawar da zazzabin maleriya ta kasa Drokta Perpetua Uhomoibhi na ma’aikatra lafiya ta tarayya yace akwai babban kokarin da ake yi na kawo karshen zazzabin maleriya ya zama babu ko darcashin shi gaba daya, tsarin irin raba gidajen sauro wadanda aka sa samu sindaran da za su dade suna maganin da ake bukata na kashe su ko hana su zuwa kusa da shi gidan sauron, da aka ba mata masu Juna Biyu lokacin da suka je wurin Awon Ciki, ko kuma duba halin da suke musamman ga Juna Biyun da suke dauke da shi,sai kuma kananan yara da basu kai shekara 5 ba sun kammala amsar alluran da suka dace ayi masu a kananan asbitocin kulawa da lafiyar al’umma.Sai maganin da ake diga masu na lokaci zuwa lokaci mai suna malaria chemoprebention fa kananan yara da suke iya kamuwa da cutar a Jihohi 21 wadanda babu makawa suna iya kamuwa da cutar, wannan ana kiran tsarin da sunan (gano cutar ta maleriya da maganinta) a karkashin tsarin gidauniyar bada kulawa da lafiya ta musamman a kananan asibitoci, taredawasu sakonni na bukatar mutane su kula da tsaftace muhallansu da sauran matakai na kare kansu daga kamuwa da cutar zazzabin cizon sauro abinda aka fi sani da suna maleriya.
Farfesa Olugbenga Mokuolu wanda kwararre ne ta bangaren kula da lafiyar mata da kananan yara a jami’ar,Ilorin,wanda har ila yau shine jami’i na bangaren fasaha na tsarin kawar da ko kawo karshen cutar zazzabin maleriya na kasa (NMEP) yace akai matakai hudu da zasu taimaka wajen kokarin da ake na kawo karshen cutar maleriya a Nijeriya da suka hada da amfani da siyasa,samun bayanan halin da ake ciki da amfani da su, amfani da matakan da suka dace dauka da kuma sa ido sosai kan abubuwan da ake aiwatarwa.
Kamar yadda yayi karin bayani akan kokarin da ake yi na tunkarar kawar da zazzabin maleriya da suka hadada samar da mahani na allura wandazai maganin ita cutar da samun daidaituwar al’amura kamar yadda ya dace.
Bukatar karin tallafin kudaden da suka kamata a bada domin taimakawa domin Nijeriya ta yi bankwana da zazzabin maleriya.
Jagorarkasa shugabar tsarin kawar da cutar zazzabin cizon sauro na kasa Dokta Perpetua Uhomoibhi ya bayyana abubuwan da suke kawo tarnaki na kawo karshen cutar maleriya musamman ma rashin bada isassun kudaden da suka kamata na amfani a gaba dayan kasar Nijeriya, bama kamar idan aka yi la’akari da yawan al’ummarda take da su da suka wuce milyan 200 da ayyukan da suka kamata ayi.
“Daya daga matsalolin shi ne yadda zai kasance kowane sako da lungun Nijeriya ba a mai da shio saniyar ware ba, wato ya kasance kowa an yi ma shi duk abubuwan da suka kamata. Ba a samu cimma hakan ba sabodarashin isassun kudade, don haka al’amarin bada ko samar da kudade babbar matsalar da ake fuskanta ke nan.
“Duk da yake muna samun tallafi daga abokan huldarmu ba duk abubuwan da ake bukata ba wajen kawo karshen cutar maleriya ake kokarin cimmawa karancin kudade ko wane lokaci babbar matsalar ke nan”.
Bugu da kari kowa ana bukatar ya bada ta shi gudunmawar wajen daukar matakan hana daukar ko kamuwa da cutar maleriya, da zuwa asibiti domin ayi gwajin ganno ko an kamau da cutar da kuma bada maganin cutar.
Halin da ake ciki a Kano
Darektan hukumar da lafiyar al’umma da hana yaduwar cututtuka na Jihar Kano Dokta Ashiru Rajab, ya bayyana a shekarar 2022 kadai mutane fiye da milyan uku sun je asibiti saboda yadda cutar maleriya take addabar al’umma, yace duk da yake ana warkewa daga cutar.
Ya ce maganar tattalin arziki yadda cutar take addabar mutane da sanadiyar mutuwar wasu daga cikinsu yasa asarar bilyoyin Naira wajen magunguna,rashin zuwa makaranta da aiki,zama a asibiti saboda jinyar cutar,da sauran kudaden da ake kashewa saboda al’amarin daya shafi cutar.
Ya kara yin bayani marasa lafiya da suka je asibiti saboda cutar maleriya milyan 3,096,401 mutanen da aka gwada aka gano sun kamu da cutar milyan 3,051,213 sai milyan 2,230,752 da aka gano sun kamu da cutar ta kasance mai matsala da milyan 2,201,284 (kashi 98.6)aka tabbatar an basu maganin ACT kyauta.
Kamar yadda ya bayyana “Wajen magani ko shawo kan matsalolin gwamnatin Jihar Kano a karkashin jagorancin mai girma Abdullahi Umar Ganduje ya bada muhimmancin daya dace akan al’amarin kulawa da lafiyar al’unna,wajen kare rayuwar mata da kananan yara, inda ya bunkasa tsarin kulawa da lafiyar al’umma a ko wane mataki.
“Yana da kyau a gane tsakanin watan Yuli zuwa Oktoba na shekarar 2022, gwamnatin Jiha tare da hadin kan abokan huldarta ta kashe fiye da Naira bilyan uku wajen sayo magunguna 10,629,624 na maganin maleriya da suka hada da (Sulfadodime-pyrimethamine da Amodiakuine SP+AK) ra zummar hana kamuwa da cutar maleriya mai matukar hadari, da kan kai ga asarar rayuka tsakanin yara masu kasa da shekara biyar.
Bugu dakari gwamnatin Jiha ta sawo abubuwan da suke taimakawa wajen maganin maleriya, ma’aikata, da al’amuran horarwa, dominkara taimakawa daukar matakin daya kamata na bincike akan maleriya, hana yaduwarta, maganinta, yadda za a wayar da kan al’umma. Sai uwa uba al’amarin zuwa Awan Ciki, ilmin yadda za a kula da lafiya (maganin feshi da sauran abubuwa da suka kai fiye da Naira milyanan 462 duk saboda a kawar da zazzabin maleriya a fadin Jihar.
Matsala ce karshen cutar zazzabin cizon sauro/ maleriya
Kwararre ta bangaren lafiya DoktaAbdulshakur Abdullahi,yace yana da wahala a cimma tsarin kawo karshen cutar maleriya a wannan yanayin da ake ciki, saboda wasu abubuwa da suke da nasaba da muhalli, sai kuma halaiyar da mutane suke nunawa wajen tsfrace muhalli.
“Akwai matakan da ake dauka wajen kawo karshen cutar maleriya abinda yafi dacewa shine gwamnati da al’umma su hada karfi da krafi wajen cimma burin kawo karshen cutar maleriya,idan kuma ba haka baa bin karuwa zai kara yi maimakon ya ragu”.
Da yake bada ta shi gudunmawar Dokta Hassan Aliyu, wanda Likita ne a asibitin kwararu na Murtala Muhammad,shi ma cewa yayi da akwai babbar matsala wajen cimma burin musamman idana aka yi la’akari da yadda ‘yan Nijeriya suke da al’amarin tsaftace muhallin da suke zama.
Ya ce idan mutane zasu bada hadin kai cimma manufar ba wani abu bane mai wuya amma fa za a dauki lokaci mai tsawo kafin hakan.
“Din haka idan mutane basu canza al’adarsu zuwa tsaftace muhallinsu abin zai yi wuya a cimma muradin kawo karshen cutar zazzabin cizon sauro wato maleriya.
Maganin zazzabin maleriya
A shekarar 2021 hukumar lafiya ta duniya a karo na farko ta amince da allura ta yara bayan an fara gwada tsarin a kasashen nahiyar Afirka, kasashen Afirka uku da suka hada da Ghana,Kenya da kuma Malawi,yanzu kuma Nijeriya ce kasa ta farko wadda ta fara amincewa da ayi amfani da sabon magani ga yara.
Shugaban hukumar lafiya ta duniya Dokta Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus ya ce “Amfani da maganin a matsayin wanda ya fisauran wajen maganin maleriya, za a ceto dubban ‘kananan yara ko wace shekara.”
Bada dadewa bane Hukumar kula da ingancin magani da abinci ta kasa ta amince da yin magani mai suna R21 na allura mai suna (Recombinant, Adjubanted).
Wannan magani an san da cewa an yi shi saboda maganin cutar maleriya na kananan yara daga wata biyar zuwa shekar uku da haihuwa.
Dokta Perpetua Uhomoibhi jagorar kawo karshen cutar maleriya ta kasa ta ce ita amincewa da ayi maganin, hakan ba yana nufin akwai maganin da yawa da za ayi amfani da shi a Nijeriya Saboda har yanzu maganin ana ci gaba da yin gwaje- gwaje dangane da shi.
Wani kuma tace abinda zai sa maganin ya kasance da yawa a Nijeriya kamfanin da ake da shi ba zai iya yin magungunan da yawa ba.
Amma akwai kokarin da ake yi na shi sauran maganin daya na rigafin allura na yara, RTS,S – ko kuma Moskuirid sai shekarar 2024 za a iya samun shi.
Dokta Hassan Aliyu Likita a asibitin kwararru na Murtala Muhammad ya ce allurar zata taimaka wajen rage masu kamuwa da cutar da mace- mace sanadiyar cutar zazzabin maleriya a tsakanin kananan yara.
Manajar tsarin maleriya ta hukumar lafiya ta duniya Lynda Ozor tace magani maleriya shi ne wanda bai dade ba wanda Nijeriya ta nemi a bata shi wanda bukatar hakan ta kare ne ranar 19 Afrilu, “ Mu na fatan bada dadewa ba zuwa shekarar 2024, zamu fara gabatar da maganin maleriya a Nijeriya”.
