Na’urar Kwamfuta ta kasance tana da rumbu (memory) guda biyu wadanda ake adana abubuwa a cikin su a lokacin da ake sarrafa ta. Wadannan rumbuna su ne RAM da ROM.
ROM (Read Only Memory) yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a lokacin da ake kunna kwamfuta (booting) domin daidaita dukkan sassan na’urar kwamfuta wajan gunar da ayyukan da aka tsara su. Misali, idan muka dauki BIOS (Basic Input Output System) manhaja ce dake kunshe a cikin rumbu (memory) samfurin ROM.
Kuma BIOS manhaja ce dake da ruwa da tsaki wajen sarrafa wa da kulawa ga dukkan sassan na’urar kwamfuta tun daga lokacin da aka kunna ta (booting). Tana duba lafiya sassan hardware da kuma tunkuda (loads) jiga-jigan manhajoji kafin manhajar sarrafa wa (Operating System) ta karbi ragamar sarrafa kwamfuta din.
A takaice, wannan rumbu (memory) ne na adana manhaja ko muhimman bayanai na dindindin (Permanent) domin kunna kwamfuta bisa tsari.
RAM (Random Access Memory) wannan rumbun yana tunkuda (loads) manhajar sarrafa wa (OS) da kuma manhajar dangantaka tsakanin sassa (Drivers) na na’urori (Devices), yana tunkuda (loads) manhajar gudanar da ayyuka (Application program), kirkirar sabon aiki, gyara tsohon aiki, adana kayan aiki (storing data) da kuma taka rawa wajen kashe kwamfuta a lokacin da aka kammala aiki da ita.
Dukkanin aiyukan da ake yi a kwamfuta, suna gudana ne a cikin rumbun RAM. Kuma shi ne babban dalilin dake sanya bukatar adanawa (saving) a lokacin gudanar da aiki da kuma bayan kammala aikin, domin gudun salwantar aikin bayan an kashe kwamfutar.
Menene Bambancin RAM da ROM?
RAM (Random Access Memory) da ROM (Read Only Memory) Yana adana manhajar sarrafa wa (Operating System) da kuma manhajar aiki (Program) a lokacin da ake aiki dasu.
Yanakunshe da tsarin kunna kwamfuta (booting) da kuma daidaita sassan kwamfuta kafin booting. Ana iya sarrafa dukkan kayan dake cikin RAM kamar gyara rubutu ko aiki, gogewa ko kirkirar sabon aiki. Baza a iya gogewa ko sauya (Change or delete) na abubuwan dake cikin ROM ba. RAM yana adana kayan aiki na takaitaccen lokaci (Temporary).
ROM yana adana kayan aiki dinidindin (Permanent). RAM yana goge komai dake cikinsa lokacin aka kashe kwamfuta (Volatile).
ROM kuma yana adana komai ko da an kashe kwamfuta (non-volatile). Akwai bukatar RAM ya kasance a wadace domin gudanar da ayyuka masu yawa, cikin sauri a kan lokaci.
