A ranar Asabar 1 ga watan Oktoba ne Nijeriya ke bikin cika shekara 62 da samun ‘yancin kai daga turawan mulkin mallaka na Birtaniya.
Fafutukar kaiwa ga wannan matsayin ya samu gudumawa da sadaukarwa daga zakakuran ‘yan Nijeriya da dama da suka figto daga sassan kasar nan daban-daban, wadanda suka yi tsayin daka suka fuskanci Turawan Mulkiin mallaka na wancan lokaci, suka bukaci lallai sai Nijeriya ta samu ‘yancin gudanar da harkokinta da kanta ba tare dabkatsakandan daga ‘yan mulkiin mallaka ba.
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Wadannan zakakurai da suka bayar da gudummawa akwai na bayyana, kana akwai wasu kuma da suka taka muhimmiyar rawa wadanda da dama sunayensu bai yi yawo kamar na sauran ba. Wannan ya sa domin murnar wannan rana mai dimbin tarihi, muka yi nazari a kan wasu zakakuran ‘yan Nijeriya bakwai da suka yi fice a wannan fafutukar ta ganin an samun ‘yancin tare da kawo muku dan takaitaccen taririnsu da irin rawar da suka taka.
Sir Ahmadu Bello, Sardaunan Sokoto (Yuni 12, 1910 – Janairu 15, 1966)
An dai haifi Sir Ahmadu Bello a garin Rabbah na Jihar Sakkwato da ke Arewacin Nijeriya. Sardauna na daya daga cikin jagororin Nijeriya da suka yi fice a duniya.
Ahmadu Bello ya rike sarautar Sardaunan Sakkwato kuma ya jagoranci jam’iyyar Northern People’s Congress, NPC, inda ya mamaye harkar siyasar kasar a jamhuriya ta daya. Sir Ahmadu Bello ya yi fafutuka wajen nema wa Nijeriya ‘yanci, inda bayan dawowarsa daga wani bulaguro da ya yi zuwa Birtaniya, aka nada shi a matsayin dan majalisa mai wakiltar lardin Sakkwato. A yau hoton Sardauna ne a kan kudin Nijeriya na Naira 200.
Wasu daga cikin abubuwan da ake tunawa da Sardauna sun hada da Jami’ar Ahmadu Bello Unibersity (ABU) da ke Zariya a Jihar Kaduna wadda aka sanya mata sunansa da kuma rawar da ya taka wajen ci gaban arewacin kasar.
Chief Anthony Enahoro (22 Yuli 1923 – 15 Disamba 2010)
Cif Anthony Eromosele Enahoro na daya daga cikin fitattun ‘yan gwawarmayar kin jinin mulkin mallaka kuma mai rajin kafa tsarin dimokradiyya.
Mista Enahoro ya zama Editan jaridar ‘Southern Nigerian Defender’ wadda Nnamdi Azikiwe kafa, inda ya zama editan jarida mafi karancin shekaru a Nijeriya. Enahoro ne mutum na farko da ya fara mika bukatar neman ‘yancin kan Nijeriya a shekara 1953. Hakan ne ya sa ake yi masa lakabi da “Uban Nijeriya”. Cif Enahoro masani ne kuma ya yi ta fafutuka kan Nijeriya har lokacin da ya mutu a 2010.
Herbert Macaulay (14 Nuwamba 1864 – 7 Mayu 1946)
Asalin sunansa shi ne, Olayinka Herbert Samuel Heelas Badmus. Ya kasance dan kishin kasa, dan siyasa, Injiniya, mai ilimin tsara gine-gine kuma dan jarida ne kuma mawaki. ‘Yan Nijeriya da dama na bayyana shi da jagoran masu kishin kasa.
Mista Macaulay ya yi suna wajen hamayya da mulkin turawan mulkin mallaka. A shekarar 1919, ya tsaya wa masu sarauta a Landan wadanda aka kwace wa gonaki inda ya tilasta wa gwamnatin turawan mallaka da ta biya sarakunnan diyya.
Hakan ne ya fusata Majalisar Birtaniya ta ‘British Council’ inda har ta kai ga ta daure shi har sau biyu. Macaulay ya shahara inda a ranar 24 ga watan Yuni 1923 ya kafa jam’iyyar siyasa ta farko a Nijeriya ta ‘Nigerian National Democratic Party (NNDP)’. Herbert Macaulay ya mutu a shekarar 1946 to amma hotonsa ne a tsohuwar Naira 1.
Chif Obafemi Awolowo (6 Maris 1909 – 9 Mayu 1987)
Chif Obafemi Jeremiah Oyeniyi Awolowo dan kishin kasa ne kuma dattijo wanda ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a gwagwarmayar neman ‘yancin kan Nijeriya. Shi ne firimiyan yankin kudu maso yammacin Nijeriya na farko sannan ya yi kwamishinan kudi a gwamnatin tarayya. Chif Obafemi ya zama mataimakin shugaban kasa na majalisar zartarwa a lokacin yakin basasa.
Awolowo ya jagoranci masu hamayya na jam’iyyar Action Group a majalisar dokokin tarayya. Duk da cewa bai ci takarar shugabancin Nijeriya a jamhuriya ta biyu ba, Cif Awolowo ya kasance dan takara na biyu mai yawan kuri’a bayan Alhaji Shehu Shagari. Hoton Obafemi ne a jikin Naira 100 na kudin Nijeriya.
Funmilayo Ransom Kuti (25 Oktoba 1900 – 13 Afrilu 1978)
Funmilayo Ransom Kuti ta kasance mace daya tilo a jerin sunayen ‘yan gwagwarmayar neman ‘yancin kan Nijeriya. Fumilayo ta kasance malamar makaranta, ‘yar siyasa, mai fafutukar kare ‘yancin mata sannan kuma mai rike da sarautar gargajiya. Ita ce mahaifiya ga shahararren mawakin nan na Nijeriya, Femi Kuti. Funmilayo ce mace ta farko da ta fara tuka mota a Nijeriya. An zabe ta a majalisar sarakunan gargajiya, inda ta kasance wata wakiliya ta al’ummar Yarabawa. Fafutukar da ta yi ta janyo wa ‘ya’yanta bakin jini musamman lokacin gwamnatocin soji.
Nnamdi Azikwe (16 Nuwamba 1904 -11 Mayu 1996)
Chif Benjamin Nnamdi Azikiwe ne jagoran ‘yan gwagwarmayar masu kishin kasa na zamani. Nnamdi wanda ake yi wa lakabi da mai kishin kasa ya rike Editan jaridar African Morning Post. Shi ne mutum farko dan Nijeriya da sunansa ya shiga Majalisar Tuntuba ta Amurka. Bayan ayyana Nijeriya a matsayin Jamhuriya, Dakta Nnamdi Azikwe ya yi bakin kokarinsa wajen ganin ya hada kan kasar. Dakta Zik ya zamo shugaban Nijeriya na farko.
Tafawa Balewa (Disamba 1912 – 15 Janairu 1966)
Alhaji Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa ne fira ministan Nijeriya na farko na bayan da aasar ta samu ‘yancin kai a 1960. An zabi Sir Abubakar Balewa a matsayin dan majalisar dokokin lardin arewa a 1946, sannan ya je majalisar dokoki ta tarayya a 1947.
Tafawa Balewa ya zamo dan majalisa mai rajin kare arewacin Nijeriya. Alhaji Abubakar Tafawa Balewa tare da Sardaunan Sakkwato sun kafa jam’iyyar Northern People’s Congress (NPC).
Tabbas akwai ‘yan Nijeriya da dama da suka bayar da gudummawa daban-daban a wajen kokarin ganin Nijeriya ta samu ‘yanci kai daga Turawar Mulkin Mallaka, muna jinjina a garesu da addu’ar Allah ya gafarta musu, wadanda suke raye a halin yanzu muna addu’ar Allah ya kara musu lafiya.
