Da Sunan Allah mai Rahama mai Jin ƙari. Yabo da godiya da kirari da girmamawa sun tabbata ga Allah Shi kaɗai. Yabon Allah da amincinsa su ƙara tabbata ga fiyayyen halitta, shugaban na farko da na ƙarshe tare alayensa da sahabbansa baki ɗaya.
Bayan haka:
Wannan rubutu zai ƙunshi bayani a kan layya a bisa fahimtar Mazhabar Imamu Maliku ɗan Anas, Imamu Daril Hijrati Allah ya ji ƙansa,watau Malikiyya. Na zaɓi rubutun ya zama a haka saboda Mazhabar Malikiyya ake bi a wannan yanki namu, tare da kuma ƙarfin hujjojin Mazhabar.
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Layya sunna ce mai maƙarfi a Muslunci ga duk wanda ya samu iko, wannan ita ce magana mashahuriya a Malijiyya. Duba; Arrisãlatu (shafi na 107) da Attalƙīnu (shafi na 211) da Alma’ūnatu (1/484) da Addurarul Bahiyyati (shafi na 145) da Al’irshadu (shafi na 100).
Wannan sunnar mai ƙarfi ta ƙunshi namiji da mace waɗanda suke ‘ya’ya ba bayi ba. Duba ; Alkãfi (shafi na 236) da Assharhus Sagīr (2/339).
Manya da yara sunna ce mai ƙarfi su yi layya matuƙar suna da ikon yi. Duba Iziyya tare da Fathu Rabbil Bariyyati (shafi na 763) . Kuma yaro ko maraya ne zai iya neman majiɓincin al’amarinsa ya ya yi masa matuƙar yana da wadatar yi. Duba; Sharhul Iziyya na Sharnūbi (142).
Saboda haka; layya ba sai mai aure ne yake yi ba, ibada ce mai girman gaske, samari da ‘yammata da zawarawa, da tuzurai za su iya yin ta, haka macen da take da aure kuma tana da sarari za ta iya yi koda mijinta ya yi, domin neman lada a wurin Allah Ta’ãlã matuƙar suna da iko. Layya tana daga cikin alamomi (sha’a’ir) na addinin Islama. Kuma tana da falalar gaske.
Layya ta fi ‘yanta uwa (‘yanta bawa) da sadaƙa falala saboda tana cikin sha’a’ir na Muslunci. Duba; Aljawãhiruz Zakiyyati (shafi na 143) da Addurarul Bahiyyati (shafi na 145).
Wata Fã’ida: A cikin malaman Malikiyya akwai waɗanda suke ganin layya wajibi ce ga duk mai iko. Kuma wannan magana ita ce shararren malami kuma ƙwararre a Malikiyya mashahurin malami Farfesa Mansur Sokoto Allah ya zama gatansa ya rinjaryar kuma ya fi ganin ingancin ta. Duba Muhd Mansur Sokoto; Fathu Rabbil Bariyyati (shafi na 767).
Ana layya ne da jinsin dabbobi na ni’ima guda huɗu kamar haka:
1. Tumaki
2. Awaki
3. Shanu
4. Raƙuma.
Mu haɗu a rubuta na 2 don sanin shekarun dabbar da za a yi layya da ita.
Dabbobin da ake layya da su, su ne tumaki da awaki da shanu da raƙuma. Duba Alma’ūnatu (1/484) da Aƙrabus Sãliki (shafi na 47) da Assamarud Dãnī ( shafi na 390-391) da Almuntaƙã Sharhul Muwaɗɗã (4/160)
Ana yin layya da tumaki idan suka cika sheka ɗaya suka shiga ta biyu koda da ‘yan kwanaki ne. Awaki kuma waɗanda suka cika sheka biyu ko kuma suka cika shekara ɗaya suka shiga ta biyu ko da wata ɗaya ne. Shanu kuma ana layya da su, idan suka cika shekara uku suka shiga ta huɗu, raƙuma kuma waɗanda suka cika shekara biyar suka shiga ta shida. Duba; Attaju Wal Iklil (4/463) Sharhus Sagīr (2/339) Masãlikul Jalãlati (2/822) da Assamarud Dãnī ( shafi na 390-391)
Za a iya layya da tumaki waɗanda suka cika wata shida zuwa goma mafi ƙaraci. Duba; Alkãfi (shafi na 237-238) da Alma’ūnatu (1/486)
Ana ganin shanun da suka cika shekara biyu suka shiga ta uku za a iya layya da su. Alkãfi (shafi na 238) da Alma’ūnatu ( 1/486).
Raƙumi idan ya cika sheka biyar ya shiga ta shida koda da rana ɗaya za a iya layya da shi. Sirãjus Sãliki (2/12) da Alkãfi (238).
Duk dabbar da bata cika Waɗannan shekaru da aka ambata ba, to bai halatta a yi layya da ita ba, idan kuma an yi da ita, to layyar bata yi ba. Almudawwanatul Kubrã (1/610).
A Malikiyya yin layya da tumaki ya fi falala sannan shanu sai kuma raƙuma. Duba; Attalƙīnu ( shafi 211) da Aƙrabus Sãliki ( shafi na 47).
Rago mai fari da baƙi mai manyan ƙaho ya fi kowanne falala a wajen layya a Mazhabar Malikiyya. Duba; Almuƙaddimut Muhimmãt (1/336)
A guji sayen dabbobin da ba su isa layya ba musamman shanu da raƙuma.
Mu haɗu a rubutu na uku don sanin sifofin dabbar layya.
Layya da tumaki da awaki ta fi falala a Malikiyya sannan shanu sai kuma raƙuma, amma tumaki sun fi awaki falala. Kuma maza na kowanne jinsin dabbobi da aka ambata ya fi mata falala. Duba; Alma’ūnatu Alã Mazhabi Ãlimil Madinati (1/485) da Arrisãlatu (shafi na 108) da Alkãfi (shafi na 238).
Ana yin layya ne da dabbar da take lafiyayyiya ƙosasshiya ban da gurguwa da gurguntakarta ta bayyana a fili, da mai ido ɗaya da rashin ganin idon ya bayyana a fili, ban da mara mai da ɓargo, ban da mara lafiya da rashin lafiyarta ta bayyana a fili. Duba; Muwaɗɗã Malik tare da Almuntaƙã Sharhul Muwaɗɗã (4/152-153) da Assamarud Dãnī (shafi na 392-393) da Aljawãhiruz Zakiyyati (shafi 144) da Alkãfi (shafi na 238) da Hashiyatud Dasūƙī ( 2/119) da Attaju Wal Iklil (4/336).
Waɗannan sifofi guda huɗu ijma’i ne a Mazhabar Malikiyya cewa ba a yin layya da duk dabbar da ta sifanta da wata sifa daga cikin sifofin. Duba; Assamarud Dãnī ( shafi na 393).
Fa’ida: Duk dabbar da take mahaukaciya , to ba za a yi layya da ita ba domin tana cikin marasa lafiya. Akwai wasu abubuwa na aibi da aka ambata da suke hana a yi layya da dabbar da take da su, amma akwai saɓanin a kan su, shi ya sa na kawar da kai daga ambatonsu, domin magana mafi inganci shi ne; basa hana a yi layya da dabbar da take da su.
Rubutawa, Ustaz Nuhu Ubale Ibrahim
(ABU RAZINA PAKI)
