A makon jiya ne aka gudanar da taron ƙolin BRICS karo na 15 a ƙasar Afirka ta kudu inda aka samu ƙarin ƙasashe da suka nuna shawarar zama mambobin ƙungiyar bayan tabbatar da shigar ƙasashen Habasha, da Masar, da Argentina, da Saudiyya, da Iran da Haɗaɗɗiyar Daular Larabawa cikin ƙungiyar.
A halin yanzu, duniya ta fahimci cewa, BRICS ba ƙungiyar siyasar hada-hadar kuɗi ta yau da kullun ta duniya ba ce, kuma ba neman maye gurbin tsarin tattalin arzikin yammacin duniya take yi ba. Manufarta wani yunƙuri ne na tallafawa ci gaban ƙasa da ƙasa da kuma taimakawa wajen gina tsarin mai daidaito a duniya ta hanyar inganta haɗin gwiwar ƙasashe masu tasowa da kuma ciyar da muradun ƙasashen duniya gaba tare.
Duk da cewa ƙorafe-ƙorafe da dama game da ayyukan cin zarafi na kasuwanci, da rashin daidaito tsakanin ƙasashen duniya, da matsin lambar siyasa da tattalin arzikin wasu al’ummomi, da rashin mutunta tsare-tsaren yarjejeniyar haɗaka da Amurka ke yi da kuma rashin kulawa da buƙatun ci gaban ƙasashe matalauta sun haifar da kiraye-kirayen “sake fasalin” tsarin hada-hadar kuɗi na ƙasa da ƙasa.
A yayin da waɗannan ƙasashen yamma ke muzguna wa ƙasashe masu tasowa, ita kuma BRICS ta mai da hankali a kan gina mambobinta tare da ƙirƙirar cibiyoyi na tattalin arziki kamar Sabon Bankin Raya Kasa (NDB) da Shirin Tanadin Gaggawa wato Reserve Contingent Arrangement (CRA). Ƙungiyar ta kafa waɗannan hukumomin biyu a cikin 2015 da nufin tattara albarkatu don samar da kuɗaɗen samar da ababen more rayuwa da ayyukan ci gaba mai ɗorewa a ƙasashe masu tasowa da samar da hanyar tsaro ga ƙasashe mambobin ƙungiyar a cikin yanayin ma’auni na daidaita matsin lamban bashi da a kan fuskanta daga ƙasashen yamma.
NDB na samun ci gaba ta wannan hanya yayin da ta fara ba da lamuni da kuɗaɗen cikin gida wadda take da niyyar kaiwa kashi 30 cikin ɗari cikin shekaru biyar masu zuwa. Fiye da ƙasashe 20 ne suka gabatar da takardar neman zama mambobin bankin daga ciki akwai Masar, da Haɗaɗɗiyar Daular Larabawa da Bangladesh waɗanda suka shiga a shekarar 2021. Ƙasar Uruguay ita ma tana kan hanyar kammala shirye-shiryen zama mamba. Ministan kuɗi na Afirka ta Kudu, Enoch Godongwana ya bayyana a farkon wannan wata cewa, haɓaka amfani da kuɗaɗen cikin gida, shi ma zai kasance cikin ajandar da za ta taimaka wajen dakile tasirin canjin kuɗaɗen waje.
Bayanai daga bankin duniya sun nuna cewa, rahoton zuba jari na BRICS na MDD kan cinikayya da raya ƙasa a watan Afrilu ya bayyana cewa, kason BRICS a cikin GDPn duniya ya ƙaru da kashi 18 cikin ɗari a shekarar 2010 zuwa kashi 26 cikin ɗari a shekarar 2021, a sakamakon bunƙasuwar da ƙasar Sin ta samu. Har ila yau, ta ce yawan hannun jarin kai tsaye na shekara-shekara ya ninka sau hudu tsakanin shekarar 2011 zuwa 2021, tare da ƙaruwar yawan kayayyakin da ake fitarwa a cikin ƙasashen BRICS ya zarce matsakaicin jimillar da duniya ke samarwa. Don haka, BRICS ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen bunƙasa tattalin arzikin abokan tarayya kuma ta ba da gudummawa sosai ga “samuwar ƙayyadaddun jari.”
A shekarar 2021, shugaban ƙasar Sin Xi Jinping ya gabatar da ra’ayin samun bunƙasuwa tare ta hanyar shirinsa na raya ƙasa da ƙasa. A karkashin shugabancin ƙasar Sin a shekarar da ta gabata, ƙasashen BRICS sun bibbiyi wannan tsarin da sauran shirye-shiryen raya haɗin gwiwa da suka hada da shirin BRICS kan cinikayya da zuba jari don ci gaba mai ɗorewa, da tsarin haɗin gwiwar tattalin arziki na dijital, da tsarin haɗin gwiwar sararin samaniya da cibiyar bincike da raya allurar rigakafi ta BRICS.
Shekarar 2023 ta kasance “shekara mafi tasiri” ta ƙungiyar. Yayin da ƙasar Afirka ta Kudu ta karbi ragamar shugabancin BRICS daga ƙasar Sin, alamu sun tabbatar da yadda ƙasar Sin ta ci gaba da mai da hankali da samun nasarar raya ci gaban duniya. Wani muhimmin al’amari na BRICS shi ne cewa kasashe hudu daga cikin mambobinta suna cikin ƙungiyar G20.
A cikin shekaru 15 da suka gabata, BRICS ta zama wani babban jigo a tattalin arziƙin duniya. Wannan haɗin gwiwa tsakanin ƙasashe masu tasowa, ya haifar da wata hanya ta tabbatar da adalci da na ƙasa da ƙasa da kuma samar da zaman lafiya a duniya tare da yin kira ga sauran ƙasashe masu ƙarfin fada a ji, da kokarin jefa duniya cikin rashin zaman lafiya, da su gyara hanyoyin da ba su dace ba. (Yahaya)
