Za a gudanar da taron shugabannin kasashen BRICS (Brazil, Rasha, India, Sin, da Afirka ta Kudu) karo na 15 tsakanin ranar 22 zuwa ta 24 ga wata, a kasar Afirka ta Kudu, wanda ya fi jawo hankalin al’umma ta fannoni biyu:
Na farko, za a tattauna wasu abubuwa masu muhimmanci wajen taron, da suka hada da yadda za a rage dogaro kan dalar Amurka a matsayin kudin musayar da ake yawan yin amfani da shi yayin cinikin kasa da kasa, da habakar tsarin hadin gwiwar kasashen BRICS don ya kunshi karin kasashe.
Na biyu shi ne yadda taron da tsarin BRICS ke samun karbuwa tsakanin kasashe masu tasowa. A cewar kasar Afirka ta kudu, wadda za ta karbi kabunkin taron kolin BRICS na wannan karo, a kalla shugabannin kasashe masu tasowa 34 sun tabbatar da cewa za su halarci tarukan shawarwari da za a gudanar da su a gefen taron. Kana wasu kasashe masu tasowa a kalla 23, da suka hada da Najeriya, da Masar, da Iran, da dai sauransu, sun riga sun bayyana niyyar neman zama mambobin tsarin BRICS.
To, ko me ya sa dimbin kasashe masu tasowa ke sha’awar tsarin hadin gwiwa na BRICS?
Dalili na farko shi ne, a ganin kasashe masu tasowa, tsarin nan zai taimakawa biyan bukatunsu a fannin raya kasa, wadanda suka hada da rage ko kuma daina dogaro kan dalar Amurka, don tabbatar da tsaronsu a fannonin hada-hadar kudi da tattalin arziki, da janyo karin jari daga ketare, da habaka huldar ciniki tsakanin kasashe masu tasowa, gami da kara zama masu fada a ji a duniya, da dai sauransu.
Ban da haka, wani dalili na daban, wanda ya fi muhimmanci, shi ne burin kasashe masu tasowa na neman sauya halin da suke ciki. A yayin da ake fama da tabarbarewar tattalin arzikin duniya, da yakin da aka dade ana gudanarwa tsakanin Rasha da Ukraine, tsohon tsarin hada-hadar kudi da na tattalin arzikin duniya, karkashin jagorancin kasashen yamma, sun riga sun zama tsare-tsaren da kasashe masu sukuni ke yin amfani da su wajen kare moriyarsu, maimakon samar da damar samun ci gaban tattalin arziki ga kasashe masu tasowa. Saboda haka, su kasashe masu tasowa ba yadda za su yi, ban da kokarin yin amfani da tsare-tsaren hadin gwiwa, da suka hada da tsarin BRICS, wajen tabbatar da wani yanayi na daidaito a fannin tsare-tsaren hada-hadar kudi da tattalin arziki, da samar da sabbin damamaki na raya kasa.
A nasu bangare, wasu jami’an kungiyoyin kasa da kasa da masana na kasashen Afirka sun yaba da tsarin BRICS, da bayyana kakkyawan fata dangane da taron kolin dake tafe. Yayin da yake hira da manema labaru a kwanan baya, Carlos Correa, darektan zartaswa na kungiyar kasa da kasa ta raya kasashe masu tasowa ta South Centre, ya ce, kungiyoyin G7 da G20 suna karkashin kulawar kasashe masu sukuni, yayin da tsarin BRICS ke samar da manufofin da za su amfani kasashe masu tasowa. A nashi bangare, Fulufhelo Netswera, darektan cibiyar nazarin kasashen BRICS ta jami’ar Durban University of Tecnology ta kasar Afirka ta Kudu, ya yi hasashen cewa za a tattauna batun yin gyare-gyare kan tsarin MDD da na wasu kungiyoyin kasa da kasa yayin taron kolin BRICS dake tafe.
A ganinsa, tsarin duniya da aka kafa bayan yakin duniya na biyu ya ba da damamakin ci da gumin jama’ar kasashe masu raunin karfin tattalin arziki, saboda haka ana bukatar gyare-gyare don neman baiwa dukkan kasashe damar bayyana ra’ayoyinsu dangane da harkokin kasa da kasa.
Ban da haka, Charles Onunaiju, wani masani dan kasar Najeriya, ya ce, kasashen BRICS tamkar mambobin iyali ne da suke kokarin rufa wa juna baya, da hadin kai don tabbatar da moriyar junansu, don haka shigar kasashen Afirka cikin tsarin BRICS zai ba su damar daidaita matsalolin da suke hana ci gaban tattalin arzikinsu.
Wani abu mai ban sha’awa shi ne, ganin yadda tsarin BRICS ke jan hankalin kasashen Afirka ya sa kasashen yamma fara tunani kan laifinsu. A kwanan baya, majalisa mai kula da hulda da kasashen ketare ta kasar Amurka (Council on Foreign Relations) ta watsa wani bayani kan shafin yanar gizo nata, mai taken “Darasin da ya kamata a koya daga manufofin kasashen Afirka cikin sabon zamani”, wanda ya ce “Mutanen kasashen Afirka sun ki yin amfani da tsoffin dabaru wajen daidaita sabbin matsaloli”, saboda “ tsare-tsaren duniya na yanzu ya bakanta musu rai”.
“ Ya kamata Washington ta samu damar shaida cewa ita ma tana so ta shiga yunkurin garambawul kan tsare-tsaren duniya, saboda ba a yi la’akari da bukatar tabbatarwa kasashen Afirka da wani yanayi mai daidaito ba, a lokacin da aka gabatar da tsare-tsaren.” in ji bayanin.
Hakika fasahohin da kasar Sin ta samu ta hanyar raya kanta sun riga sun nuna cewa, samar da yanayi mai daidaito, da damar samun wadatar bai daya, tushe ne ga yunkurin samun ci gaban zaman al’umma mai inganci da dorewa.
Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa kasar Sin jaddada muhimmancin raya huldar abota dake iya samar da wani yanayi na daidaito tare da sauran kasashe, da kokarin kawar da gibin da ake samu tsakanin mabambantan kasashe ta fuskar ci gaban tattalin arizki, a cikin shawarar da kasar ta gabatar ta “kokarin tabbatar da ci gaban duniya”.
Abun da kasar Sin ke nema shi ma buri na bai daya na daukacin kasashe masu tasowa. Za mu iya tabbatar da cewa, za a yi kokarin kula da wannan buri, da neman cika shi, a taron kolin tsarin BRICS na wannan karo. (Bello Wang)
