A cikin shekaru 25 da Nijeriya ta koma kan turbar dimokuradiyya, kundin tsarin mulki na shekara 1999 ya samu gyare-gyare guda 5 wanda ya lakume biliyoyin nairori kan kowani zama.
Wannan lamari ya sanya ayar tambaya game da ingancin aikin gyaran kundin tsarin mulkin kasar nan.
- Majalisar Wakilai Ta Jinjina Wa Kamfanin Ɗangote Wajen Bunƙasa Tattalin Arzikin Ƙasa
- Xi Ya Gana Da Shugabannin Majalisun Dokokin Kasashen Duniya
Gyara kundin tsarin mulki a Nijeriya yana tattare da wasu abubuwa, inda a hannu guda a kan iya cusa sabbin abubuwa masu muhimmanci, yayin da a bangare daya kuma aka saka wasu abubuwa marasa amfani.
A cewar wani bincike da Jaridar Banguard ta yi, sau biyar ana gyara kundin tsarin mulkin kasa nan, an gyara sau biyu a shekarar 2010 a karkashin shugaba Umaru Yar’Adua, sannan an gyara sau uku a karkashin shugaba Muhammadu Buhari.
Tun a watan Mayun shekarar 2006 ne aka yi watsi da shirin sake duba kundin tsarin mulkin kasar a karkashin shugaba Obasanjo, bisa zarginsa da neman wa’adi na uku.
A nasa bangaren, tsohon shugaban kasa Jonathan, ya ki amincewa da kudirin gyara kundin tsarin mulkin kasar a shekarar 2015 da kuma karin dalilan yin hakan a wata wasika mai shafuka bakwai da aka karanta a zauren majalisar dattawa a ranar 15 ga Afrilu, 2015.
Sannan tsohon shugaban ya ce ba zai iya sanya hannu a kan sabbin shawarwarin da za su zama doka ba saboda rashin bin ka’ida da kuma yunkurin ‘yan majalisar na karya akidar raba madafun iko.
Daga cikin sauye-sauyen kundin tsarin mulki da aka sanya wa hannu a shekarar 2010, tsohon shugaban kasa ‘Yar’Adua ya saka hukumar zabe mai zaman kanta ta kasa (INEC) cikin asusun rabon tattalin arzikin kudi na tarayya.
Haka zalika, an mika wannan lamari ga majalisar dokoki ta kasa da ma’aikatar shari’a ta tarayya.
An rage shekarun cancantar shugabancin hukumar INEC daga shekaru 50 zuwa 40, sannan an rage na kwamishinonin zabe na kasa daga shekaru 40 zuwa 35.
Sannan kuma a lokacin ne aka rage adadin alkalan kotunan kararrakin zabe daga biyar zuwa uku, an gabatar da karar zaben gwamna ta kare a kotun koli maimakon kotun daukaka kara inda a da take karewa kafin 2011. Haka kuma an bi wa karar zabe wa’adin kwanaki 180 a kotun sauraren kararrakin zabe da kuma kwanaki 60 kowanne a kotun daukaka kara da kotun koli. Har ila yau, a cikin gyaran tsarin mulki na 2010 ne kotun masana’antu ta kasa ta zama babbar kotun mai cikakken ‘yanci.
A ranar 31 ga watan Mayun 2018 ne tsohon shugaba kasa Buhari ya rattaba hannu kan kudirin dokar bai wa matasa daman yin takara, wanda ya rage shekarun wasu mukaman siyasa ya zama doka.
Shekarun mukaman siyasan sun hada da na shugaban kasa daga shekara 40 zuwa 35, majalisar wakilai da na jiha daga shekaru 30 zuwa 25.
A ranar 8 ga watan Yuni, 2018, Buhari ya rattaba hannu kan wasu kudurorin doka har guda hudu na sauya kundin tsarin mulkin kasar.
Kudurorin sun hada da gyaran kundin tsarin mulki mai lamba 21 wanda ya shafi tantance al’amuran da suka shafi zaben.
Ya rage rana da lokacin tantance al’amuran da suka shafi tunkarar zabe, domin tabbatar da cewa al’amuran gabanin zaben a kotu ba su shiga lokacin zaben ba.
Yayin da aka kashe biliyoyin nairori kan wannan lamari na gyara kundin tsarin mulkin Nijeriya, masu ruwa da tsaki sun ce tafiyar hawainiyar da ake yi na kawo cikas ga gyaran tsarin mulki wajen daidaita yanayin da ake ciki da kuma magance kalubalen da ke kunno kai.
