Yawaitar ficewar likitoci da ƙwararrun ma’aikatan lafiya daga Nijeriya zuwa ƙasashen waje na ci- gaba da jefa fannin kiwon lafiya cikin mawuyacin halin rai- kwakwai- mutu- kwakwai a bisa ga yadda a kullum ake samun ƙarancin masu kula da lafiyar miliyoyin al’umma.
Rahotanni sun tabbatar da cewar dubban likitoci sun fice daga Nijeriya zuwa ƙasashen waje a cikin shakarun nan domin samun albashi mai kauri da kykkyawan yanayin aiki musamman a ƙasashe irin su Birtaniya, Amurka, Kanada da Saudiyya, wanda hakan ya haifar da babban giɓin ma’aikatan lafiya musamman a asibitocin gwamnati.
A tsayin shekaru, fannin kiwon lafiya a Nijeriya na ci- gaba da fuskantar ƙalubale sakamakon ƙarancin kuɗaɗen da ake warewa fannin, ƙarancin albashi, rashin ingantattun kayan aiki, jinkirin damar ƙara samun ƙwarewa da kuma ƙalubalen sha’anin tsaro.
Rahotanni sun nuna kimanin ma’aikatan lafiya ƴan Nijeriya 13,609 ne suka yi hijira zuwa ƙasar Birtaniya a tsakanin shekarun 2021 da 2022, lamarin da ya sanya Nijeriya cikin ƙasashen da suka fi samarwa Birtaniya ƙwararrun ma’aikatan lafiya da aka horas.
Haka ma wani bincike da cibiyoyin NOI Polls da “Nigeria Health Watch” suka gudanar a shekarar 2023, ya nuna cewa kashi 57 cikin 100 na likitocin Nijeriya sun riga sun ɗauki ƙwaƙƙwaran matakan barin ƙasar domin neman ƙwaƙƙwarar damar aiki da rayuwa a ƙasashen waje.
A kwanan nan Shugaba Bola Ahmad Tinubu ya bayyana damuwarsa kan yadda dubban likitoci da ƙwararrun ma’aikatan lafiya a Nijeriya suka fice daga ƙasar zuwa ƙasashen waje a yayin da ƙasar su da al’ummar ta ke tsananin buƙatar kulawar su tare da kira gare su da su dawo gida su bayar da ta su gudunmuwa.
Wakilin mu ya labarto cewar a bisa ga wannan bahaguwar matsalar, ƙungiyar likitoci ta Nijeriya, ta yi gargaɗin cewa tsarin kiwon lafiya na fuskantar mummunar ƙalubalen ƙarancin ƙwararrun ma’aikata domin kuwa likitoci kusan 55,000 ne kacal suka rage suna kula da lafiyar al’ummar ƙasar da yawansu ya haura miliyan 220.
Likitocin a ƙarƙashin ƙungiyar sun bayyana cewar aƙalla likitoci 16, 000 ne suka yi hijira daga Nijeriya zuwa ƙasashen waje a shekaru biyar da suka gabata wanda hakan gagarumar matsala ce da ta yi matuƙar tasiri ga sha’anin kiyon lafiya a faɗin ƙasa.
A wani babban taro da ƙungiyar likitocin suka gudanar a Lagos a kwanan nan sun yi gargaɗin cewa ci- gaba da tafiyar ma’aikatan lafiya a ƙasashen waje ya yi matuƙar raunana ɓangaren kula da lafiya a Nijeriya, ya ƙara yawan marasa lafiya da ba sa samun kulawar da ta dace, ya ƙara tsadar jinya tare da ɗora babban nauyi a kan ƙalilan daga cikin ƙwararrun likitocin da suka rage a tsarin kiwon lafiya a ƙasar.
Da yake tabbatar da hakan, Shugaban Ƙungiyar Likitoci ta Nijeriya, Farfesa Omoti Ernest, ya ce sabbin alƙaluma sun nuna cewa Ƙungiyar Kula da Aikin Likitanci da Haƙora ta Nijeriya ta yi wa likitoci sama da 130,000 rajista, sai dai kusan likitoci 55,000 ne kawai ke ci- gaba da aikin likitanci a Nijeriya a halin yanzu.
Shugaban ƙungiyar ya bayyana cewar idan aka yi la’akari da yawan al’ummar Nijeriya wanda ya haura miliyan 220 na nufin likita guda ne ke kula da mutane tsakanin 3,600 zuwa 4,000 wanda hakan babban koma baya ne.
“Wannan adadi ya yi ƙasa ƙwarai idan aka kwatanta da ma’aunin da Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya ta gindaya wato likita guda ga kusan mutum 600. Wannan na nuna irin tsananin ƙarancin likitoci da kuma matsin lambar da tsarin kiwon lafiya ke fuskanta wajen samar da ingantacciyar kulawa ga marasa lafiya.”
A kan manyan dalilin da ke sa ƙwararrun ma’aikatan lafiya ke yin hijira kuwa ya bayyana cewar akwai ƙarancin albashi da walwala, rashin ingantaccen yanayin aiki, matsalar tsaro, ƙarancin samun damar ƙwarewa da kuma rashin isasshen zuba jari a fannin kiwon lafiya.
A cewarsa “Yawancin ƙwararrun ma’aikatan lafiya na karkata zuwa ƙasashe irin su Birtaniya, Kanada da Amurka ne saboda suna samun albashi mai tsoka, ingantattun kayan aiki da wuraren aikii masu kyau da yanayin rayuwa da aiki cikin kwanciyar hankali.”
A sakamakon ƙarancin likitoci, marasa lafiya na shafe sa’o’i ko ma kwanaki suna jiran ganin likita, yayin da waɗanda suka rage ke aiki fiye da ƙarfinsu da yadda matsin lambar ke haddasa gajiya, rage ingancin kulawar lafiya, jinkirin ba da magani da kuma ƙara haɗarin aukuwar kura-kurai a aikin jinya da tiyata.
LEADERSHIP Hausa ta ruwaito cewar galibi asibitocin da ke yankunan karkara ne suka fi fuskantar wannan gagarumar matsalar domin da wuya a samu ƙwararrun likitocin da za su yi aiki a irin waɗannan yankuna da ke matuƙar buƙatar asibitoci da cibiyoyin kiyon lafiya.
A jiya da yau masana kiyon lafiya sun sha yin gargaɗin cewar ci- gaba da komawar likitoci da sauran ƙwararrun ma’aikatan lafiya zuwa ƙasashen waje na iya ƙara raunana ayyukan jinya da kula da marasa lafiya a asibitocin gwamnati, lamarin da zai ƙara jefa tsarin kiwon lafiyar ƙasar cikin matsala.
A kan wannan matsalar, Ƙaramin Ministan Lafiya, Dakta Iziaƙ Adekunle Salako ya bayyana cewar a halin yanzu Nijeriya na da kusan likitoci huɗu ne kacal a kan kowane mutane 10,000, adadin da ya yi ƙasa sosai da ma’aunin da Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya ta gindaya wadda ke ba da shawarar a samu aƙalla likitoci 10 a kan mutane 10,000.
Ministan ya bayyana haka ne a kwanan baya a yayin da ya gabatar da jawabi a Taron Kiwon Lafiya na Duniya a Birtaniya na shekarar 2026 wanda aka gudanar a “Royal College of Physicians” da ke birnin London.
A cewarsa ci- gaba da hijirar likitoci da sauran ƙwararrun ma’aikatan lafiya ta ƙara ta’azzara ƙarancin ma’aikatan lafiya a Nijeriya tare da ɗorawa tsarin kiwon lafiyar ƙasar nauyin da ya zarce ƙarfinsa.
Ya ce wannan yanayi na ci- gaba da jefa fannin kiwon lafiya cikin ƙalubale ta yadda asibitoci da cibiyoyin lafiya ke fama da ƙarancin ƙwararrun ma’aikata da za su iya biyan buƙatun miliyoyin al’umma.
Baya ga illar da hakan ke yi wa marasa lafiya, haka ma ficewar likitoci na jawo babbar asara ga tattalin arzikin Nijeriya domin kuwa a cewar Ministan, a na kashe fiye da dala 200,000 wajen horas da likita guda, amma da zarar ya bar ƙasa, ƙasashen da suka ci- gaba ne ke amfana da wannan jari ba tare da sun kashe kuɗin horas da shi ba wanda hakan na ƙara raunana tsarin kiwon lafiya a Nijeriya tare da rage damar horar da sababbin likitoci saboda ƙarancin ƙwararrun masu koyarwa.
“Matsalar ƙarancin ma’aikatan lafiya ta duniya ba barazana ba ce da za ta taso nan gaba, illa matsala ce da ake fuskanta a wannan lokaci. Nahiyar Afirka na ɗauke da sama da kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na nauyin cututtukan da duniya ke fama, amma ta na da ƙasa da kashi uku cikin ɗari na yawan ma’aikatan lafiya a duniya.”
Ministan ya ce matsalar ta fi tsanani a Nijeriya, ƙasar da ta fi kowacce yawan al’umma a Afirka, inda ƙarancin likitoci, ma’aikatan jinya, ungozoma da sauran ƙwararrun ma’aikatan lafiya ya kai wani mataki mai tayar da hankali domin yawaitar ficewar ƙwararrun ma’aikatan lafiya zuwa ƙasashen waje ta ƙara ta’azzara giɓin ma’aikatan lafiya da ƙasar ke fama da shi.
Tuni dai gwamnatin Tinubu ta ƙaddamar da wasu sauye-sauye domin farfaɗo da fannin kiwon lafiya ta hanyar Shirin Sabuntawa da Zuba Jari a Fannin Kiwon Lafiya a Nijeriya da zummar haɗa manufofi da hanyoyin samar da kuɗaɗe domin inganta tsarin kiwon lafiya a ƙarƙashin tsari guda mai inganci.
Gwamnatin tarayya ta tsara shirin ne bisa ginshiƙan “tsari guda, kasafin kuɗi guda da tattaunawa guda” domin inganta haɗin kai tsakanin masu ruwa da tsaki da kuma ƙarfafa gaskiya da riƙon amana wajen samar da kuɗaɗe da gudanar da harkokin fannin kiwon lafiya.
Haka ma baya ga matsalolin da Nijeriya ke fuskanta, akwai wasu manyan ƙalubalen duniya da ke shafar tsarin kiwon lafiya a ƙasashe daban-daban waɗanda suka haɗa da matsalolin tattalin arziki, sauyin yanayi da rikice-rikicen siyasa da tsaro tsakanin ƙasashe a matsayin wasu daga cikin abubuwan da ke ƙara jefa fannin kiwon lafiya cikin ƙalubale a faɗin duniya.
Domin magance ƙarancin ma’aikatan lafiya, Ministan ya ce gwamnatin tarayya ta faɗaɗa damar ɗaukar ɗalibai a makarantun koyon aikin likitanci da sauran cibiyoyin horas da ƙwararrun ma’aikatan lafiya.
A cewarsa, a tsakanin shekarun 2023 zuwa 2025, Nijeriya ta samu ƙarin kusan kashi 160 cikin 100 na yawan ɗaliban da ake ɗauka a makarantun likitanci. Ya ce haka ma an ƙara yawan masu samun horo a fannonin aikin jinya, harhaɗa magunguna da kimiyyar gwaje-gwajen ɗakunan binciken lafiya.
Haka kuma, Ministan ya bayyana cewa gwamnati na ƙoƙarin jawo hankalin ƙwararrun ma’aikatan lafiya ƴan Nijeriya da ke zaune a ƙasashen waje domin su ba da gudummawa wajen bunƙasa fannin kiwon lafiya a ƙasar, ta hanyar musayar ƙwarewa, horo da sauran hanyoyin haɗin guiwa.
Ya ce al’ummomin karkara da yankunan da tuni suke fama da ƙarancin ayyukan kiwon lafiya ne suka fi shan wahalar wannan matsala, domin tun da farko samun ingantacciyar kulawar lafiya a irin waɗannan wurare na da matuƙar wahala.
Kamar yadda Ministan ya bayyana matakan shawo kan matsalar, shi kansa shugaban ƙungiyar likitoci ta Ƙasa, Farfesa Ernest ya buƙaci gwamnatin tarayya da ta bayar da fifiko wajen inganta albashi da walwalar ma’aikatan lafiya, tare da ƙara zuba jari wajen samar da kayan aikin likitanci na zamani da inganta asibitoci.
Haka ma ya buƙaci a faɗaɗa shirye-shiryen horas da likitoci da sauran fannonin da ƙwararru suke a kai tare da samar da ingantacciyar hanyar ci- gaban aiki ga ma’aikatan lafiya a faɗin ƙasa.
Ya ce ƙarfafa tsaro, tabbatar da biyan albashi da haƙƙoƙin ma’aikata a kan lokaci, da kuma samar da ƙarin alawus da wasu abubuwan ƙarfafawa ga waɗanda ke aiki a yankunan da ba su da isassun ma’aikatan lafiya, na daga cikin matakan da za su taimaka wajen riƙe ƙwararrun ma’aikatan lafiya a Nijeriya wanda hakan zai iya daƙile yawaitar tururuwar komawar likitocin Nijeriya a ƙasashen waje.
Masana na ganin cewa magance wannan matsala na buƙatar gwamnati ta inganta albashi da walwalar ma’aikatan lafiya, ta samar da kayan aikin zamani da ingantattun cibiyoyin kiyon lafiya, tare da ƙara zuba jari a fannin lafiya. Haka kuma, samar da yanayin aiki mai kyau da damar samun ƙwarewa na daga cikin matakan da za su taimaka wajen rage yawaitar hijirar likitocin Nijeriya da kuma farfaɗo da tsarin kiwon lafiyar a ƙasar.
A bisa ga yadda matsalar ke ƙara ta’azzara, a makon jiya Shugaban Ƙasa Bola Ahmed Tinubu ya fito fili ya koka kan yadda ficewar likitoci ta haddasa babban giɓi a sha’anin kiyon lafiya a Nijeriya tare da kira ga likitoci da sauran ƙwararrun ma’aikatan lafiya da ke aiki a ƙasashen waje da su dawo gida domin bayar da gudummawar iliminsu, ƙwarewarsu da gogewarsu wajen tallafawa sauye-sauyen da gwamnati ke aiwatarwa don bunƙasa fannin kiwon lafiya a ƙasar.
Tinubu ya bayyana hakan ne lokacin da ya karɓi baƙuncin tawagar Ƙungiyar Likitocin Nijeriya da ke aiki ƙasashen waje tare da shugaban Hukumar Ƴan Nijeriya Mazauna Ƙasashen Waje, Honarabul Abike Dabiri-Erewa, a Abuja waɗanda suka zo Nijeriya domin bayar da agaji a sha’anin kiyon lafiya inda suka tallafa a sha’anin jinya, tiyata, bayar da magani da shawarwari kyauta.
Shugaba Tinubu ya bayyana cewa Nijeriya na buƙatar ilimi, ƙirƙire-ƙirƙire, gogewa da kishin ƙasa na ƙwararrun ƴan Nijeriya da ke aiki a ƙasashen waje domin gina tsarin kiwon lafiya mai inganci da ɗorewa wanda zai amfani dukkanin ƴan ƙasa.
Ya ce “Abu ne mai matuƙar faranta rai ganin kun dawo gida da buri ɗaya na taimakawa ƙasarku wajen biyan buƙatun lafiyar al’umma ta hanyar shirye-shiryen ba da magani kyauta. Jajircewar ku wajen yi wa bil’adama hidima wani muhimmin ɓangare ne na rantsuwar aikin da kuka yi da kuma alƙawarin da kuka ɗauka a rayuwar ku.”
A kan wannan Shugaba Tinubu ya buƙaci likitocin da suka dawo daga ƙasashen waje da su yi ƙoƙarin ƙarfafawa sauran ƙwararrun likitocin Nijeriya da ke ƙasashen waje su sake kulla alaƙa da ƙasarsu. Ya ce hakan na iya kasancewa ta hanyar haɗin guiwa, zuba jari, musayar ilimi da ƙwarewa, ko kuma komawa gida bakiɗaya idan hakan ta yiwu.
