An haifi Ahmadu Bello a garin Raba ranar 12 ga Yuni 1910. Mahaifinsa, Ibrahim Atiku Bello, shi ne Hakimin kuma ya riƙe muƙamin sarautar Sarkin Rabah. Yana kuma daga tsatson mujaddadi Shehu Usman Danfodiyo wanda shi ne asalin masarautar Sakkwato, babban jika ga Sarkin Musulmi Muhammadu Bello, kuma jikan Sarkin Musulmi Atiku na Rab.
Ya samu ilimin addinin musulunci tun a gidansu,inda ya koyi Karatun Alkur’ani da kuma Hadisan Manzon Allah Muhammad Sallallahu Alaihis Wasallam. Daganan kuma ya yi makarantar Sakkwato Midil Sukul, da kuma Kwalejin horar da Malamai ta Katsina (wadda yanzu ake kira da suna Kwalejin Barewa). Lokacin da yake ɗan makaranta ana kiransa da Ahmadu Rabah. Sai dai wasu suna kiransa da Gamji. Ya kammala makarantar a shekarar 1931 daga bisani kuma ya zama Malamin makaranta mai koyar da Turanci a Midil Sukul ta Sakkwato.
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A shekarar 1934 ce aka naɗa, Ahmadu Bello matsayin Hakimin Raba wanda a lokacin Sarkin Musulmi Hassan Dan Mu’azu ya naɗa shi, inda ya gaji ɗanuwansa. A shekarar 1938 kuma sai aka ƙara masa girma,inda ya zama Hakimin Gusau (wato garin da ya zama babban birnin Jihar Zamfara) ya kuma zama ɗan majalisar Sarkin Musulmi a duk shekarar yana da shekara 28. A shekarar 1938, ya yi ƙoƙarin ya zama Sarkin Musulmi wato Sultan amma bai samu sa’ar cimma burin nasa ba, sai Sarkin Musulmi Siddiƙ Abubakar 111, ya samu sarautar wadda sai da ya yi shekara 50, ya rasu ne a shekarar 1988.
Ba tare da ɓata lokaci ba sai sabon Sarkin Musulmin ya naɗa Ahmadu Bello ya bashi Sarautar Sardauna (wadda sarautar Yarima ce) na Sakkwato, sarauta ce ta gargajiya , ya ƙara ma shi girma ya maida shi majalisar ko majalisar gargajiya ta Sakkwato. Waɗannan muƙaman su sauka ba shi dama ta kasancewa mai ba Sarkin Musulmi shawara kan harkokin siyasa.Daga nan kuma a ba shi muƙamain mai kulawa da Lardin Sakkwato domin ya riƙa kula da Hakimai 47, a shekrar 1944, sai aka sake maido shi fadar ta Sarkin Musulmi a matsayin babban Sakatare na mulkin masarautun gargajiya.
A shekarar 1940 sai ya shiga Jam’iyyar Mutanen Arewa wadda a ƙarshe ta rikiɗe ta koma Northern People’s Congress (NPC) a shekarar 1951.Amma a shekarar 1948, ya tafi ƙasar Ingila akan tallafin karatu na gwamnati domin ya yi karatu kan lamarin daya shafi ƙananan Hukumomi ta haka ya ƙara koyon yadda ake tafiyar da mulki a gwamnatance.
