Tun bayan hade kasuwar hada-hadar kudaden kasashen waje da ta Nijeriya shekara guda da ta gabata, darajar Naira ta fadi da kusan kashi 214.64 cikin 100, idan aka kwatanta ta da dala.
A yayin rufe kasuwar a ranar Juma’a, Naira ta kasance a matsayin Naira 1482.72 kan duk dala guda, idan aka kwatanta da Naira 471 a kan kowace dala daya a shekarar da ta gabata.
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Sanarwar da Babban Bankin Nijeriya (CBN) ya bayar, na soke hada-hadar kasuwancin kudaden waje a rukuni daban-daban da ya bayyana cewa, “Yanzu dai, za a gudanar da dukkanin hada-hadar ta hanyar masu zuba hannun jari da kuma masu fitar da kayayyaki, inda harkokin saye da sayarwa na kasuwar za su tantance farashin canjin.
Sannan, za a ci gaba da gudanar harkokin da suka shafi harkar lafiya, biyan kudin makarantu, harkokin kanana da matsakaitun masana’antu da sauran makamantansu ta hanyar bankuna.”
Bankin na CBN, ya kuma sake sanar da bullo da tsarin mai son saye da kuma mai son sayarwa, wanda hakan zai ba da damar yin mu’amala da ta cancanta, domin samun musayar kudaden kasashen waje a kan ka’idojin da aka zayyana kan jadawali mai dauke da kwanan watan 21 ga watan Afrilun 2017.
Tun lokacin da kudin Nijeriya ke shawagi, ya ci gaba da kasancewa cikin jula-jula; duk kuwa da kokarin da Babban Bankin Kasa (CBN) ke yi, karkashin jagorancin Dakta Olayemi Cardoso na ganin ya daidaita shi.
A karshen shekarar 2023, Naira ta kai 911 a matsayin duk dala guda, wanda hakan ke nuna faduwarta cikin watanni shida.
A sharhin da ‘Fitch Ratings’ ta yi a watan Fabrairu, ta bayyana faduwar darajar Nairar da kusan kashi 40 cikin 100; inda ta ce, “Darajar Naira ta yi matukar faduwa a ‘yan kwanakin nan da kusan kashi 40 cikin 100, wanda ya zarce matsakaicin abin da aka yi tsammani na faduwar darajar Nairar a shekarar 2024.
Har ila yau, babbar faduwar darajar Nairar a karo na biyu a shekarar (ragin kashi 70 cikin 100 tun a shekarar 2022), wanda ya hadu da kimar musaya ta farashin gwamnati da kuma ta kasuwar bayan fage.”
A cikin sabuwar shekara, darajar Naira ta yi matukar faduwa warwas, inda ta kai kusan Naira 2000 kan duk dala daya; wanda hakan ya haifar da cece-kucen cewa, masu yin bi ta da kulle a kan ciniki ko hada-hadar dalar na samun nasara wajen yunkurin dakile darajar Nairar.
Haka zalika, kudin ya tashi daga matsayin kudin da keg an gaba a daraja a watan Mayu zuwa kudi mafi lalacewa a duniya a watan Afrilu, a cewar rahoton Bloomberg.
Duk a cikin wannan, babban bankin CBN; ya fitar da daftarin aiki tare da daukar matakan daidaita darajar Naira da kuma habaka samar da kudaden waje.
Da yake yin tsokaci a kan halin da Nairar ke ciki, shekara daya bayan aiwatar da gagarumin garambawul, masanin tattalin arziki kuma babban jami’in hulda da jama’a na tattalin arziki Ayo Teriba, ya yaba wa Babban Bankin Kasa (CBN); wanda Olayemi Cardoso ke jagoranta, kan yadda yake kokari wajen tafiyar da harkokin kasuwancin kudaden wajen a matsayin na bai-daya.
Ya kara da cewa, idan aka kwatanta batun cire tallafin man fetir, kasuwar hada-hadar kudaden waje za ta yi matukar kyau.
“Zan iya cewa, Naira ta yi matukar kyau fiye da farashin man fetir. Duk manufofi biyun ne aka yi gaggawar aiwatar das u; ba tare da aiwatar da kyakkyawan shiri ba. Amma dai, game da kasuwar canji; an yi gyare-gyaren day a kamata bayan samun sassaucin ra’ayi, sannan kuma dole ne ku yaba wa gwamnan babban bankin kasar da tawagarsa.
“An nada shi (Cardoso), watanni uku bayan aiwatar da farashi na bai-daya. Kazalika, ya yi kokari wajen warware matsalar rashin gaskiya a kasuwanni. Akwai kuma karin day a fito karara kan basussukan day a gada a lokacin, inda ya bayyana abin da za su rika biya har su kamala biya baki-daya da kuma wani kaso da aka yi sama da fadi da shi.
“Sannan, ya kuma bude kasuwa don sake fadada harkar, saboda haka, dole ne a yaba wa mulkinsa a halin yanzu; sun kuma soke ko haramta abubuwa 43, sun bai wa masu harkar canji damar ci gaba da harkokinsu tare da bai wa masu musayar kudade daban-daban na kasa da kasa lasisi aiwatar da kasuwancinsu. Za a iya bai wa kowa wannan mukami, amma baa bin mamaki ba ne idan aka ga wannan farashi ya yi tashin gwauron zabi.”
Sai dai kuma, Teriba ya nuna damuwarsa kan yadda kasuwar ke ci gaba da tabarbarewa, duk da cewa kuma ya nuna kwarin gwiwar da Babban Bankin CBN da kwamitin kula da harkokin kudi ked a shi, na iya shawo kan al’amarin.
“Abin da kawai ke damun wannan hada-hada ta canjin kudi shi ne, rashin samun daidaito, wanda Babban Bankin Kasa kuma da kwamitin kula da harkokin kudi ke kokari, don magancewa; wanda ko shakka babu a karshe za su iya magancewar. Amma hakan ba zai yiwu ba, ba tare da sake fasalin cire tallafin man fetir ba,” kamar yadda ya tabbatar.
