Shugaban majalisar kungiyar raya tattalin arzikin yammacin Afirka ta ECOWAS Omar Touray, ya bayyana a kwanan baya cewa, yanayin tsaro a yammacin Afirka na tabarbarewa cikin sauri, har ma ya riga ya kai wani matsayi na ta-baci.
A ganin ECOWAS din, wani babban dalilin da ya haddasa hakan shi ne rashin kwanciyar hankali a wasu kasashe. Misali, juyin mulki da bai samu nasara ba a kasar Benin, na ranar 7 ga watan da muke ciki, da juyin mulki da sojojin kasar Guinea-Bissau suka yi a karshen watan da ya gabata. Hakika bisa alkaluman da wasu kafofin watsa labarai suka gabatar, an ce cikin shekaru fiye da 10 da suka wuce, an samu aukuwar juyin mulki, ko kuma yunkurin kifar da gwamnati da bai yi nasara ba, a rabin kasashe mambobin kungiyar ECOWAS, ciki har da juyin mulki da aka yi a kasashen Mali, da Burkina Faso, da Nijar, tsakanin shekarar 2020 da 2023. Kana bayan da sojojin kasashen 3 sun kwace ragamar mulki, an fara samun tsamin dangantaka tsakanin wadannan kasashen da kungiyar ECOWAS, lamarin da ya sanya kasashen janye jiki daga ECOWAS a watan Janairun bana, tare da kafa kungiyar hadin gwiwar kasashen yankin Sahel ta AES.
Ban da haka, hare-haren ta’addanci su ma suna haifar da tashin hankali a yammacin Afirka. Bisa wani rahoto da cibiyar nazarin tattalin arziki da zaman lafiya ta kasar Australiya ta fitar, an ce cikin kasashe 10 da suka fi fama da hare-haren ta’addanci a bara, 5 suna yankin yammacin Afirka da na Sahel, inda adadin hare-haren ta’addanci da suka auku a yankin ya kai kaso 19% na adadin duniya, kana yawan mutanen da suka rasa rayuka a yankin sakamakon ta’addanci, ya kai kaso 51% cikin jimillar na duniya. Haka zalika, an ce a bana, a Najeriya kadai, kungiyoyin ’yan ta’adda irinsu ISWAP, da Boko Haram, sun kaddamar da hare-hare fiye da 300. Inda ayyukan ta’addanci suka haifar da bazuwar makamai, da rashin tsari da oda, a kauyuka da kananan hukumomi, lamarin da ya ba ’yan fashin daji karin damammakin tayar da zaune-tsaye.
Yanzu haka a jihar Zamfara ta Najeriya, hare-haren ’yan fashin daji sun lalata yanayin rayuwar dimbin mutane mazauna kauyuka, da tilastawa dubun-dubatar mutane kama hanyar gudun hijira, yayin da tashin hankali ke ci gaba da bazuwa zuwa jihohin makwabta irinsu Sokoto, da Kebbi, da Kaduna, da dai sauransu.
To, ko ta yaya kasashen yammacin Afirka za su iya tinkarar matsalar tsaro? Dangane da wannan tambaya, shahararren masanin ilimin siyasa na kasar Ghana Paul Frimpong, ya bayar da shawarar a nemi amsa daga shawarar tabbatar da tsaron duniya ta (GSI) wadda kasar Sin ta gabatar.
Wannan shawara ta Sin ta jaddada muhimmancin tabbatar da tsaro na bai daya mai dorewa, bisa hadin gwiwar bangarori daban daban, da mayar da hankali kan damuwar duk wata kasa, da girmama mulkin kai, da neman daidaita rikici da ayyukan ta’addanci ta hanyar tattaunawa da hadin gwiwa. A ganin Mista Frimpong, shawarar GSI da kasar Sin ta gabatar tana iya ba da taimako wajen kawar da sabanin ra’ayin da ake samu tsakanin kungiyoyin ECOWAS da AES, da kulla alaka mai karfi ta hadin kai a tsakanin kasashen yammacin Afirka, ta fuskar dakile ta’addanci da tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali.
Hakika matukar an yi hadin kai, to, tabbas hakan zai haifar da sakamako. Misali, daga watan Maris na shekarar 2024 zuwa watan Yuli na shekarar 2025, kasashen Najeriya, da Nijar da Chadi, sun dauki matakin soja na hadin gwiwa, mai taken “Garkuwar Sahel”, don yaki da kungiyoyi masu tsattsauran ra’ayi, inda aka kashe ’yan ta’adda fiye da 1200, ciki har da madugansu fiye da 80, da rushe maboyar ’yan ta’adda 37, tare da rage yawan laifukan sace mutane dake aukuwa a kan iyakar kasashen 3 da kaso 40%. Ban da haka, a yayin da ake tinkarar yunkurin juyin mulki a kasar Benin a kwanakin nan, tallafin soja da Najeriya da sauran mambobin kungiyar ECOWAS suka bayar, shi ma ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen maido da kwanciyar hankali a kasar Benin.
Sa’an nan kasashen yammacin Afirka, su ma za su iya hadin gwiwa da kasashen dake wajen nahiyar, misali kasar Sin. A wajen wani taron kwamitin sulhu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, kan batun yaki da ta’addanci a yammacin Afirka da yankin Sahel, wanda ya gudana a watan da ya gabata, wakilin kasar Sin ya yi alkawarin cewa, Sin tana tsayawa tsayin daka wajen nuna cikakken goyon baya ga kasashen Afirka, a fannin wanzar da zaman lafiya da tsaro, kuma za ta karfafa hadin gwiwarta da yammacin Afirka, da yankin Sahel ta fuskar dakile ta’addanci, don samar da karin gudunmowar kare zaman lafiya da tsaro a yankunan, gami da a duk nahiyar Afirka gaba daya.
Hausawa su kan ce, tsintsiya daya ba ta shara. Tabbas, shawarar GSI da kasar Sin ta gabatar, ita ma ta nuna irin wannan ra’ayi. Muna fatan ganin kasashen yammacin Afirka sun karfafa hadin kansu, da kokarin hadin gwiwa da abokan hulda na sauran sassan duniya, ta yadda za su iya cimma burinsu na tabbatar da tsaro, da kwanciyar hankali a yankin da suke ciki. (Bello Wang)
